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In the aftermath of the recent Oval Office meeting between the US President and Ukrainian leader, we witnessed a concerning departure from diplomatic protocol. What was scheduled as a discussion of peace initiatives quickly veered off course, with the original agenda abandoned in favor of an attempt to strengthen position against Russia. This deviation raises an important question i.e. How can we ensure diplomatic engagements remain focused on their stated objectives? When Traditional Diplomacy Strays from Its Purpose The event that unfolded on live television revealed a fundamental vulnerability in conventional diplomatic exchanges. When the conversation shifted away from peace negotiations toward taking sides in a geopolitical conflict, we observed how easily diplomatic missions can be derailed from their original purpose. This incident highlighted three notable challenges of traditional diplomacy: Agenda drift: The meeting, ostensibly organized to discuss peace initiatives, quickly diverged from its stated purpose. When diplomatic conversations aren't anchored to verifiable commitments, they can easily drift toward unrelated or counterproductive topics.


Inconsistent adherence to objectives: As the conversation evolved, the original mandate for peace gave way to positioning that potentially complicated the very peace process that was meant to be advanced.


Unverifiable commitments: The statements and promises made during such meetings remain largely unverifiable, leaving all parties, and the public uncertain about what was actually agreed upon and what actions will follow. What if diplomatic engagements were structured to prevent such deviations? What if we had a system that ensured all parties remained faithful to the agreed-upon agenda? Proof-of-Work Diplomacy: From Subjective Interpretation to Objective Verification In my previous writing on Bitcoin's proof-of-work mechanism as an emancipation engine, I outlined how this technology enables verification through objective computational effort. Today, I propose applying these principles to international diplomacy. Just as Bitcoin replaced subjective trust with mathematical verification, diplomatic exchanges could transition from easily diverted conversations to objectively trackable commitments. Consider how diplomatic relations might function through a framework inspired by blockchain technology: Agenda-Bound Smart Contracts: Diplomatic meetings could begin with all parties committing to a cryptographically secured agenda. Deviations would be immediately apparent and recorded on the public ledger.
Objective Progress Tracking: Rather than relying on post-meeting interpretations of what was discussed or agreed upon, a blockchain-based system would provide a transparent record of commitments, actions, and adherence to stated objectives.
Neutral Verification Mechanisms: Instead of competing narratives about what transpired in diplomatic exchanges, all participants and observers could independently verify what was discussed and agreed upon through an immutable record. From Tongan Micro-Governance to International Diplomatic Standards This application of blockchain principles to diplomacy builds upon concepts I explored in my whitepaper "Decentralized Micro-Governance Model for the Kingdom of Tonga Based on Proof-of-Work Consensus." In that model, governance processes are stabilized through cryptographic verification, ensuring participants remain faithful to established procedures and objectives. Applied to international relations, this framework would ensure diplomatic engagements remain focused on their intended purpose. When peace is the stated objective, the technological architecture would make it difficult to divert the conversation toward unrelated positioning or rhetoric that undermines the peace process. The recent Oval Office incident demonstrates the need for such a system. In a proof-of-work diplomatic framework, the original mandate for peace would have remained the central focus, with any attempt to redirect the conversation immediately visible to all stakeholders. Beyond Rhetoric: Diplomacy Anchored in Verifiable Reality When Satoshi Nakamoto introduced Bitcoin to the world, they provided a framework for verification that transcends human tendencies toward inconsistency and bias. This same framework could transform how nations engage with one another on the world stage. Imagine if the recent Oval Office meeting had been conducted within a blockchain-based diplomatic framework: The peace agenda would have been cryptographically secured as the foundation of the engagement


Any departure from discussing peace initiatives would have been immediately flagged within the system


Commitments made would be recorded in an immutable ledger, allowing for subsequent verification of follow-through Instead of leaving room for competing interpretations about what was discussed or agreed upon, both leaders and the global public would have access to an objective record of the exchange. A New Path Forward for International Relations In a world where diplomatic engagements frequently stray from their stated purpose, where peace initiatives can quickly become geopolitical positioning, we need more than good intentions and traditional protocols. We need diplomatic relations anchored by the same principles that have made Bitcoin revolutionary: transparency, verification, and immutability. One verifiable commitment at a time, we can build a new international order. Not vulnerable to agenda drift or reinterpretation, but founded on the objective reality of what was actually discussed and agreed upon. That's not just more effective diplomacy. That's a fundamental reimagining of how nations interact to address our most pressing global challenges. That's the power of proof-of-work applied to the pursuit of genuine peace. In the aftermath of the recent Oval Office meeting between the US President and Ukrainian leader, we witnessed a concerning departure from diplomatic protocol. What was scheduled as a discussion of peace initiatives quickly veered off course, with the original agenda abandoned in favor of an attempt to strengthen position against Russia. This deviation raises an important question i.e. How can we ensure diplomatic engagements remain focused on their stated objectives? When Traditional Diplomacy Strays from Its Purpose The event that unfolded on live television revealed a fundamental vulnerability in conventional diplomatic exchanges. When the conversation shifted away from peace negotiations toward taking sides in a geopolitical conflict, we observed how easily diplomatic missions can be derailed from their original purpose. This incident highlighted three notable challenges of traditional diplomacy: Agenda drift: The meeting, ostensibly organized to discuss peace initiatives, quickly diverged from its stated purpose. When diplomatic conversations aren't anchored to verifiable commitments, they can easily drift toward unrelated or counterproductive topics. Inconsistent adherence to objectives: As the conversation evolved, the original mandate for peace gave way to positioning that potentially complicated the very peace process that was meant to be advanced. Unverifiable commitments: The statements and promises made during such meetings remain largely unverifiable, leaving all parties, and the public uncertain about what was actually agreed upon and what actions will follow. Agenda drift: The meeting, ostensibly organized to discuss peace initiatives, quickly diverged from its stated purpose. When diplomatic conversations aren't anchored to verifiable commitments, they can easily drift toward unrelated or counterproductive topics. Agenda drift : The meeting, ostensibly organized to discuss peace initiatives, quickly diverged from its stated purpose. When diplomatic conversations aren't anchored to verifiable commitments, they can easily drift toward unrelated or counterproductive topics. Agenda drift Inconsistent adherence to objectives: As the conversation evolved, the original mandate for peace gave way to positioning that potentially complicated the very peace process that was meant to be advanced. Inconsistent adherence to objectives : As the conversation evolved, the original mandate for peace gave way to positioning that potentially complicated the very peace process that was meant to be advanced. Inconsistent adherence to objectives Unverifiable commitments: The statements and promises made during such meetings remain largely unverifiable, leaving all parties, and the public uncertain about what was actually agreed upon and what actions will follow. Unverifiable commitments : The statements and promises made during such meetings remain largely unverifiable, leaving all parties, and the public uncertain about what was actually agreed upon and what actions will follow. Unverifiable commitments What if diplomatic engagements were structured to prevent such deviations? What if we had a system that ensured all parties remained faithful to the agreed-upon agenda? Proof-of-Work Diplomacy: From Subjective Interpretation to Objective Verification In my previous writing on Bitcoin's proof-of-work mechanism as an emancipation engine, I outlined how this technology enables verification through objective computational effort. Today, I propose applying these principles to international diplomacy. writing Just as Bitcoin replaced subjective trust with mathematical verification, diplomatic exchanges could transition from easily diverted conversations to objectively trackable commitments. Consider how diplomatic relations might function through a framework inspired by blockchain technology: Agenda-Bound Smart Contracts: Diplomatic meetings could begin with all parties committing to a cryptographically secured agenda. Deviations would be immediately apparent and recorded on the public ledger. Objective Progress Tracking: Rather than relying on post-meeting interpretations of what was discussed or agreed upon, a blockchain-based system would provide a transparent record of commitments, actions, and adherence to stated objectives. Neutral Verification Mechanisms: Instead of competing narratives about what transpired in diplomatic exchanges, all participants and observers could independently verify what was discussed and agreed upon through an immutable record. Agenda-Bound Smart Contracts : Diplomatic meetings could begin with all parties committing to a cryptographically secured agenda. Deviations would be immediately apparent and recorded on the public ledger. Agenda-Bound Smart Contracts Objective Progress Tracking : Rather than relying on post-meeting interpretations of what was discussed or agreed upon, a blockchain-based system would provide a transparent record of commitments, actions, and adherence to stated objectives. Objective Progress Tracking Neutral Verification Mechanisms : Instead of competing narratives about what transpired in diplomatic exchanges, all participants and observers could independently verify what was discussed and agreed upon through an immutable record. Neutral Verification Mechanisms From Tongan Micro-Governance to International Diplomatic Standards This application of blockchain principles to diplomacy builds upon concepts I explored in my whitepaper "Decentralized Micro-Governance Model for the Kingdom of Tonga Based on Proof-of-Work Consensus." In that model, governance processes are stabilized through cryptographic verification, ensuring participants remain faithful to established procedures and objectives. whitepaper Applied to international relations, this framework would ensure diplomatic engagements remain focused on their intended purpose. When peace is the stated objective, the technological architecture would make it difficult to divert the conversation toward unrelated positioning or rhetoric that undermines the peace process. The recent Oval Office incident demonstrates the need for such a system. In a proof-of-work diplomatic framework, the original mandate for peace would have remained the central focus, with any attempt to redirect the conversation immediately visible to all stakeholders. Beyond Rhetoric: Diplomacy Anchored in Verifiable Reality When Satoshi Nakamoto introduced Bitcoin to the world, they provided a framework for verification that transcends human tendencies toward inconsistency and bias. This same framework could transform how nations engage with one another on the world stage. Imagine if the recent Oval Office meeting had been conducted within a blockchain-based diplomatic framework: The peace agenda would have been cryptographically secured as the foundation of the engagement Any departure from discussing peace initiatives would have been immediately flagged within the system Commitments made would be recorded in an immutable ledger, allowing for subsequent verification of follow-through The peace agenda would have been cryptographically secured as the foundation of the engagement The peace agenda would have been cryptographically secured as the foundation of the engagement Any departure from discussing peace initiatives would have been immediately flagged within the system Any departure from discussing peace initiatives would have been immediately flagged within the system Commitments made would be recorded in an immutable ledger, allowing for subsequent verification of follow-through Commitments made would be recorded in an immutable ledger, allowing for subsequent verification of follow-through Instead of leaving room for competing interpretations about what was discussed or agreed upon, both leaders and the global public would have access to an objective record of the exchange. A New Path Forward for International Relations In a world where diplomatic engagements frequently stray from their stated purpose, where peace initiatives can quickly become geopolitical positioning, we need more than good intentions and traditional protocols. We need diplomatic relations anchored by the same principles that have made Bitcoin revolutionary: transparency, verification, and immutability. One verifiable commitment at a time, we can build a new international order. Not vulnerable to agenda drift or reinterpretation, but founded on the objective reality of what was actually discussed and agreed upon. That's not just more effective diplomacy. That's a fundamental reimagining of how nations interact to address our most pressing global challenges. That's the power of proof-of-work applied to the pursuit of genuine peace.

Maybe Trump and Zelenskyy Should Try Blockchain Diplomacy—At Least It Would Keep Them Honest

Магчыма, Трампу і Зяленскаму варта паспрабаваць блокчэйн-дыпламатыю — прынамсі, гэта застане іх сумленнымі

Tal vez Trump y Zelensky deberían probar la diplomacia blockchain: al menos los mantendría honestos

Ehkä Trumpin ja Zelenskyyn pitäisi kokeilla Blockchain-diplomatiaa - ainakin se pitää heidät rehellisinä

Forse Trump e Zelensky dovrebbero provare la diplomazia blockchain, almeno li manterrebbe onesti

トランプ氏とゼレンスキー氏はブロックチェーン外交を試すべきかもしれない。少なくともそれは彼らの誠実さを保つだろう。

შესაძლოა, ტრამპმა და ზელენსკიმ სცადონ ბლოკჩეინის დიპლომატია - ეს მაინც დაიცავს მათ პატიოსნებს

Балким, Трамп менен Зеленский блокчейн дипломатиясын сынап көрүшү керек — жок дегенде бул алардын чынчылдыгын сактайт

Mohlomongwe Trump le Zelenskyy Ba Swanetše go Leka Bodiplomate bja Blockchain—Bonyenyane E be e tla Ba Boloka ba Botega

شاید ټرمپ او زیلینسکي باید د بلاکچین ډیپلوماسۍ هڅه وکړي — لږترلږه دا به دوی صادق وساتي

Labda Trump na Zelenskyy Wanapaswa Kujaribu Diplomasia ya Blockchain-Angalau Ingewaweka Waaminifu

Kumbexana Trump na Zelenskyy Va Fanele Va Ringeta Vudiplomasi bya Blockchain—At Least Swi Ta Va Hlayisa Va Tshembekile

Mhlawumbe uTrump noZelenskyy Kufanele Bazame I-Blockchain Diplomacy-Okungenani Kungabagcina Bethembekile

Donald Trump, $80k Bitcoin and the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve

Unlocking the Secrets of Autocatalytic Sets: How Bit Strings and Reactions Shape Molecular Evolution

In my latest letter, Sell in May and Go Away, I highlighted that we were heading for the low liquidity season of the year and that the crypto markets would need a pause before trending higher. At this moment in time, I think the sluggish summer may finally be coming to an end. Uncertainty regarding the U.S. elections is in front of us, and given the many events that unfolded this month, I think we can expect plenty more volatility where investors will be “trading the election” until we see the results in November. Trump Going to the Oval Office? Trump is likely to become the next president. Following the assassination attempt, prediction markets put his likelihood at 71%, and now with Biden’s withdrawal, that has fallen to a comfortable 60%, with Kamala Harris looking like the second most obvious choice with a 38% probability currently. Digital Assets is the Talk of Town What’s interesting about this election is that digital assets have become a topic for candidates to discuss. Apparently, the political elite has finally understood that the +50M crypto holders in America represent a big voter base. This weekend, Trump and R. Kennedy Jr. are both speaking at the Bitcoin2024conference. Kamala Harris was also expected to speak there but declined the opportunity just a few days ago.Another interesting aspect is Trump’s choice of running mate, JD Vance. JD Vance is a self-proclaimed BTC holder, has been a strong proponent of the crypto industry in the Senate, and one of Gary Gensler's most vocal critics in recent years. A bitcoiner on the running card. How about that? Is it Finally Time to Lower the Rates? It’s now been a year since the Fed raised its benchmark rate to between 5.25% and 5.5%, holding this target range steady to date. In the meantime, Jerome Powell has said again and again that rates would not be lowered before something would either break or before the Fed would have been convinced inflation rates would trend lower towards the target rate of 2%. The most recent economic data signals that the Fed could soon start cutting rates: The Fed is getting closer to its 2% inflation target. In June, the monthly CPI fell by 0.1%, while the annual CPI rose by 3%. The U.S. economy is finally softening. GDP growth slowed to an annual rate of 1.4% in Q1 2024, down from 3.4% in the previous quarter. The labor market is also cooling down; June’s unemployment rate spiked to 4.1%, the highest it has been since November 2021. Additionally, Jerome Powell appeared on Capitol Hill this month and warned that “reducing policy restraint too late or too little could unduly weaken economic activity and employment.” Is the “higher for longer” regime coming to an end? It is still quite a balancing act for the Fed, but it seems inevitable that something has to move sooner rather than later. Currently, the market is predicting a 95.3% chance of a rate cut in September’s FOMC meeting. Bitcoin Remains Resilient Despite Sell-offs Bitcoin’s price has remained range-bound between $60K and $70K for most of the summer despite the drying liquidity from Bitcoin ETFs, which had propelled the price from lows of $42K before the approval to record highs of $73K in March. But what’s more remarkable is BTC’s resilience following the recent $2.87 billion sell-off by Germany’s Saxony state. That said, there's a risk of additional selling pressure. Mt. Gox, the defunct crypto exchange, has started its repayment plan, which aims to reimburse creditors around $9 billion worth of Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. 140,000 BTC; this is worth over $9 billion at the current market price. So far, over 40% of the repayments have already been distributed to the creditors. On the brighter side, repayments in-kind does not equal selling pressure as creditors may decide to HODL their BTC. On-chain data shows that BTC withdrawals on Kraken spiked after the exchange completed distributing its share of allocated repayments. This is a sign that a good number of Mt. Gox creditors could be moving their repayments to cold wallets for long-term HODLing. Personally, I remain optimistic that BTC’s price will trend higher in H2 based on its current resilience amid the much-awaited Mt. Gox repayments, which most had predicted would be a huge sell-off event. Additionally, there are some macro and industry-specific factors that could be catalysts in sustaining the current price levels or pushing BTC higher: A good number of the creditors might decide to HODL onto their BTC, causing only short-term downward pressure on BTC’s price. Once the uncertainty over Mt. Gox repayments is over, there is no big expected selling pressure. There is a high chance that the Fed will cut rates in September, likely triggering a rally in risk-on assets. Liquidity is gradually returning to the market. Blackrock’s Bitcoin Spot ETF recently recorded a daily net inflow of $526 million, the largest since March 13th. The crypto market could soon play catch-up with the S&P 500, Nasdaq, and Gold, which showed strength in Q2 while BTC lagged over the past three months. The crypto markets are favoring the Republican Party, and currently, it remains likely that Trump will take office. In my latest letter, Sell in May and Go Away , I highlighted that we were heading for the low liquidity season of the year and that the crypto markets would need a pause before trending higher. At this moment in time, I think the sluggish summer may finally be coming to an end. Sell in May and Go Away Sell in May and Go Away Sell in May and Go Away Uncertainty regarding the U.S. elections is in front of us, and given the many events that unfolded this month, I think we can expect plenty more volatility where investors will be “trading the election” until we see the results in November. Trump Going to the Oval Office? Trump is likely to become the next president. Following the assassination attempt, prediction markets put his likelihood at 71%, and now with Biden’s withdrawal, that has fallen to a comfortable 60%, with Kamala Harris looking like the second most obvious choice with a 38% probability currently. Digital Assets is the Talk of Town What’s interesting about this election is that digital assets have become a topic for candidates to discuss. Apparently, the political elite has finally understood that the +50M crypto holders in America represent a big voter base. +50M crypto holders +50M crypto holders This weekend, Trump and R. Kennedy Jr. are both speaking at the Bitcoin2024 conference. Kamala Harris was also expected to speak there but declined the opportunity just a few days ago. Another interesting aspect is Trump’s choice of running mate, JD Vance. JD Vance is a self-proclaimed BTC holder, has been a strong proponent of the crypto industry in the Senate, and one of Gary Gensler's most vocal critics in recent years. Bitcoin2024 A bitcoiner on the running card. How about that? Is it Finally Time to Lower the Rates? It’s now been a year since the Fed raised its benchmark rate to between 5.25% and 5.5%, holding this target range steady to date. In the meantime, Jerome Powell has said again and again that rates would not be lowered before something would either break or before the Fed would have been convinced inflation rates would trend lower towards the target rate of 2%. The most recent economic data signals that the Fed could soon start cutting rates: could The Fed is getting closer to its 2% inflation target. In June, the monthly CPI fell by 0.1%, while the annual CPI rose by 3%. The Fed is getting closer to its 2% inflation target. In June, the monthly CPI fell by 0.1%, while the annual CPI rose by 3%. The U.S. economy is finally softening. GDP growth slowed to an annual rate of 1.4% in Q1 2024, down from 3.4% in the previous quarter. The U.S. economy is finally softening. GDP growth slowed to an annual rate of 1.4% in Q1 2024, down from 3.4% in the previous quarter. The labor market is also cooling down; June’s unemployment rate spiked to 4.1%, the highest it has been since November 2021. The labor market is also cooling down; June’s unemployment rate spiked to 4.1%, the highest it has been since November 2021. The labor market is also cooling down; June’s unemployment rate spiked to 4.1%, the highest it has been since November 2021. Additionally, Jerome Powell appeared on Capitol Hill this month and warned that “ reducing policy restraint too late or too little could unduly weaken economic activity and employment. ” reducing policy restraint too late or too little could unduly weaken economic activity and employment. Is the “higher for longer” regime coming to an end? It is still quite a balancing act for the Fed, but it seems inevitable that something has to move sooner rather than later. Currently, the market is predicting a 95.3% chance of a rate cut in September’s FOMC meeting. Bitcoin Remains Resilient Despite Sell-offs Bitcoin’s price has remained range-bound between $60K and $70K for most of the summer despite the drying liquidity from Bitcoin ETFs, which had propelled the price from lows of $42K before the approval to record highs of $73K in March. But what’s more remarkable is BTC’s resilience following the recent $2.87 billion sell-off by Germany’s Saxony state . Germany’s Saxony state Germany’s Saxony state That said, there's a risk of additional selling pressure. Mt. Gox, the defunct crypto exchange, has started its repayment plan, which aims to reimburse creditors around $9 billion worth of Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. 140,000 BTC; this is worth over $9 billion at the current market price. So far, over 40% of the repayments have already been distributed to the creditors. On the brighter side, repayments in-kind does not equal selling pressure as creditors may decide to HODL their BTC. On-chain data shows that BTC withdrawals on Kraken spiked after the exchange completed distributing its share of allocated repayments. This is a sign that a good number of Mt. Gox creditors could be moving their repayments to cold wallets for long-term HODLing. Personally, I remain optimistic that BTC’s price will trend higher in H2 based on its current resilience amid the much-awaited Mt. Gox repayments, which most had predicted would be a huge sell-off event. Additionally, there are some macro and industry-specific factors that could be catalysts in sustaining the current price levels or pushing BTC higher: A good number of the creditors might decide to HODL onto their BTC, causing only short-term downward pressure on BTC’s price. A good number of the creditors might decide to HODL onto their BTC, causing only short-term downward pressure on BTC’s price. Once the uncertainty over Mt. Gox repayments is over, there is no big expected selling pressure. Once the uncertainty over Mt. Gox repayments is over, there is no big expected selling pressure. There is a high chance that the Fed will cut rates in September, likely triggering a rally in risk-on assets. There is a high chance that the Fed will cut rates in September, likely triggering a rally in risk-on assets. Liquidity is gradually returning to the market. Blackrock’s Bitcoin Spot ETF recently recorded a daily net inflow of $526 million, the largest since March 13th. Liquidity is gradually returning to the market. Blackrock’s Bitcoin Spot ETF recently recorded a daily net inflow of $526 million, the largest since March 13th. The crypto market could soon play catch-up with the S&P 500, Nasdaq, and Gold, which showed strength in Q2 while BTC lagged over the past three months. The crypto market could soon play catch-up with the S&P 500, Nasdaq, and Gold, which showed strength in Q2 while BTC lagged over the past three months. The crypto markets are favoring the Republican Party, and currently, it remains likely that Trump will take office. The crypto markets are favoring the Republican Party, and currently, it remains likely that Trump will take office.

Here's Why It’s Time to Wake Up Again…

Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series. You can jump to any part in this filing here. This part is 21 of 21. IV To the extent that the majority’s new accountability paradigm allows Presidents to evade punishment for their criminal acts while in office, the seeds of absolute power for Presidents have been planted. And, without a doubt, absolute power corrupts absolutely. “If one man can be allowed to determine for himself what is law, every man can. That means first chaos, then tyranny.” Id., at 312. Likewise, “[i]f the Government becomes a lawbreaker, it breeds contempt for law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself; it invites anarchy.” Olmstead, 277 U. S., at 485 (Brandeis, J., dissenting). I worry that, after today’s ruling, our Nation will reap what this Court has sown. Stated simply: The Court has now declared for the first time in history that the most powerful official in the United States can (under circumstances yet to be fully determined) become a law unto himself. As we enter this uncharted territory, the People, in their wisdom, will need to remain ever attentive, consistently fulfilling their established role in our constitutional democracy, and thus collectively serving as the ultimate safeguard against any chaos spawned by this Court’s decision. For, like our democracy, our Constitution is “the creature of their will, and lives only by their will.” Cohens v. Virginia, 6 Wheat. 264, 389 (1821). For my part, I simply cannot abide the majority’s senseless discarding of a model of accountability for criminal acts that treats every citizen of this country as being equally subject to the law—as the Rule of Law requires. That core principle has long prevented our Nation from devolving into despotism. Yet the Court now opts to let down the guardrails of the law for one extremely powerful category of citizen: any future President who has the will to flout Congress’s established boundaries. In short, America has traditionally relied on the law to keep its Presidents in line. Starting today, however, Americans must rely on the courts to determine when (if at all) the criminal laws that their representatives have enacted to promote individual and collective security will operate as speedbumps to Presidential action or reaction. Once self-regulating, the Rule of Law now becomes the rule of judges, with courts pronouncing which crimes committed by a President have to be let go and which can be redressed as impermissible. So, ultimately, this Court itself will decide whether the law will be any barrier to whatever course of criminality emanates from the Oval Office in the future. The potential for great harm to American institutions and Americans themselves is obvious. * * * The majority of my colleagues seems to have put their trust in our Court’s ability to prevent Presidents from becoming Kings through case-by-case application of the indeterminate standards of their new Presidential accountability paradigm. I fear that they are wrong. But, for all our sakes, I hope that they are right. In the meantime, because the risks (and power) the Court has now assumed are intolerable, unwarranted, and plainly antithetical to bedrock constitutional norms, I dissent. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings.
This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series. You can jump to any part in this filing here. This part is 21 of 21. Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series . You can jump to any part in this filing here . This part is 21 of 21. HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series here IV To the extent that the majority’s new accountability paradigm allows Presidents to evade punishment for their criminal acts while in office, the seeds of absolute power for Presidents have been planted. And, without a doubt, absolute power corrupts absolutely. “If one man can be allowed to determine for himself what is law, every man can. That means first chaos, then tyranny.” Id., at 312. Likewise, “[i]f the Government becomes a lawbreaker, it breeds contempt for law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself; it invites anarchy.” Olmstead, 277 U. S., at 485 (Brandeis, J., dissenting). I worry that, after today’s ruling, our Nation will reap what this Court has sown. Stated simply: The Court has now declared for the first time in history that the most powerful official in the United States can (under circumstances yet to be fully determined) become a law unto himself. As we enter this uncharted territory, the People, in their wisdom, will need to remain ever attentive, consistently fulfilling their established role in our constitutional democracy, and thus collectively serving as the ultimate safeguard against any chaos spawned by this Court’s decision. For, like our democracy, our Constitution is “the creature of their will, and lives only by their will.” Cohens v. Virginia, 6 Wheat. 264, 389 (1821). For my part, I simply cannot abide the majority’s senseless discarding of a model of accountability for criminal acts that treats every citizen of this country as being equally subject to the law—as the Rule of Law requires. That core principle has long prevented our Nation from devolving into despotism. Yet the Court now opts to let down the guardrails of the law for one extremely powerful category of citizen: any future President who has the will to flout Congress’s established boundaries. In short, America has traditionally relied on the law to keep its Presidents in line. Starting today, however, Americans must rely on the courts to determine when (if at all) the criminal laws that their representatives have enacted to promote individual and collective security will operate as speedbumps to Presidential action or reaction. Once self-regulating, the Rule of Law now becomes the rule of judges, with courts pronouncing which crimes committed by a President have to be let go and which can be redressed as impermissible. So, ultimately, this Court itself will decide whether the law will be any barrier to whatever course of criminality emanates from the Oval Office in the future. The potential for great harm to American institutions and Americans themselves is obvious. * * * The majority of my colleagues seems to have put their trust in our Court’s ability to prevent Presidents from becoming Kings through case-by-case application of the indeterminate standards of their new Presidential accountability paradigm. I fear that they are wrong. But, for all our sakes, I hope that they are right. In the meantime, because the risks (and power) the Court has now assumed are intolerable, unwarranted, and plainly antithetical to bedrock constitutional norms, I dissent. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. supremecourt.gov

What Is Next for America After Trump v. United States?

Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series. You can jump to any part in this filing here. This part is 6 of 21. V This case poses a question of lasting significance: When may a former President be prosecuted for official acts taken during his Presidency? Our Nation has never before needed an answer. But in addressing that question today, unlike the political branches and the public at large, we cannot afford to fixate exclusively, or even primarily, on present exigencies. In a case like this one, focusing on “transient results” may have profound consequences for the separation of powers and for the future of our Republic. Youngstown, 343 U. S., at 634 (Jackson, J., concurring). Our perspective must be more farsighted, for “[t]he peculiar circumstances of the moment may render a measure more or less wise, but cannot render it more or less constitutional.” Chief Justice John Marshall, A Friend of the Constitution No. V, Alexandria Gazette, July 5, 1819, in John Marshall’s Defense of McCulloch v. Maryland 190–191 (G. Gunther ed. 1969). Our first President had such a perspective. In his Farewell Address, George Washington reminded the Nation that “a Government of as much vigour as is consistent with the perfect security of Liberty is indispensable.” 35 Writings of George Washington 226 (J. Fitzpatrick ed. 1940). A government “too feeble to withstand the enterprises of faction,” he warned, could lead to the “frightful despotism” of “alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge.” Id., at 226–227. And the way to avoid that cycle, he explained, was to ensure that government powers remained “properly distributed and adjusted.” Id., at 226. It is these enduring principles that guide our decision in this case. The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial acts, and not everything the President does is official. The President is not above the law. But Congress may not criminalize the President’s conduct in carrying out the responsibilities of the Executive Branch under the Constitution. And the system of separated powers designed by the Framers has always demanded an energetic, independent Executive. The President therefore may not be prosecuted for exercising his core constitutional powers, and he is entitled, at a minimum, to a presumptive immunity from prosecution for all his official acts. That immunity applies equally to all occupants of the Oval Office, regardless of politics, policy, or party. The judgment of the Court of Appeals for the D. C. Circuit is vacated, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. It is so ordered. Continue Reading Here. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings.
This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series. You can jump to any part in this filing here. This part is 6 of 21. Trump v. United States Court Filing, retrieved on July 1, 2024, is part of HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series . You can jump to any part in this filing here . This part is 6 of 21. HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series here V This case poses a question of lasting significance: When may a former President be prosecuted for official acts taken during his Presidency? Our Nation has never before needed an answer. But in addressing that question today, unlike the political branches and the public at large, we cannot afford to fixate exclusively, or even primarily, on present exigencies. In a case like this one, focusing on “transient results” may have profound consequences for the separation of powers and for the future of our Republic. Youngstown, 343 U. S., at 634 (Jackson, J., concurring). Our perspective must be more farsighted, for “[t]he peculiar circumstances of the moment may render a measure more or less wise, but cannot render it more or less constitutional.” Chief Justice John Marshall, A Friend of the Constitution No. V, Alexandria Gazette, July 5, 1819, in John Marshall’s Defense of McCulloch v. Maryland 190–191 (G. Gunther ed. 1969). Our first President had such a perspective. In his Farewell Address, George Washington reminded the Nation that “a Government of as much vigour as is consistent with the perfect security of Liberty is indispensable.” 35 Writings of George Washington 226 (J. Fitzpatrick ed. 1940). A government “too feeble to withstand the enterprises of faction,” he warned, could lead to the “frightful despotism” of “alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge.” Id., at 226–227. And the way to avoid that cycle, he explained, was to ensure that government powers remained “properly distributed and adjusted.” Id., at 226. It is these enduring principles that guide our decision in this case. The President enjoys no immunity for his unofficial acts, and not everything the President does is official. The President is not above the law. But Congress may not criminalize the President’s conduct in carrying out the responsibilities of the Executive Branch under the Constitution. And the system of separated powers designed by the Framers has always demanded an energetic, independent Executive. The President therefore may not be prosecuted for exercising his core constitutional powers, and he is entitled, at a minimum, to a presumptive immunity from prosecution for all his official acts. That immunity applies equally to all occupants of the Oval Office, regardless of politics, policy, or party. The judgment of the Court of Appeals for the D. C. Circuit is vacated, and the case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. It is so ordered. It is so ordered. Continue Reading Here. Continue Reading Here . Here About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. About HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. This court case retrieved on July 1, 2024, supremecourt.gov is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. supremecourt.gov

The U.S. Supreme Court: The President Has Immunity for Official Acts Committed During His Presidency

Trump v. United States: All of the Important Summary Points

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멀티 테넌트 SaaS에 내장된 분석을 위한 데이터 레이크의 강력한 기능 활용

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Раскрытие возможностей озер данных для встроенной аналитики в мультитенантном SaaS

Çok Kiracılı SaaS'ta Gömülü Analitik için Data Lakes'in Gücünü Ortaya Çıkarma

Khai thác sức mạnh của Hồ dữ liệu cho Phân tích nhúng trong SaaS nhiều người thuê

释放数据湖的力量，实现多租户 SaaS 中的嵌入式分析

-𝙸𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚋𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚗𝚗𝚒𝚗𝚐, 𝚝𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚎 𝚠𝚊𝚜 𝚘𝚗𝚎. -𝙳𝚎𝚍𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚍 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚌𝚑𝚒𝚕𝚍𝚛𝚎𝚗 𝚠𝚑𝚘 𝚗𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚛 𝚏𝚘𝚞𝚗𝚍 𝚑𝚘𝚖𝚎. Year 2048. The first words I ever heard were in a facility for kids. We were five, the golden children of humankind. From the age of 2, we could fire darts with precision, and it wasn’t weird. We never had anyone new join us; we were always alone, together. Father called us geniuses; he called us creatures beyond humanity. Father never hid the truth from us, and he treated us with utmost respect. We never saw Mother. Not even once. We only knew she existed because Father mentioned her from time to time. Father loved us, and he told us that we were his only hope. Father hid nothing from us; he believed in being straightforward. “ ” Father said one day, as he stared pointedly at the five of us, me being some sort of leader, according to Father. Father was a large man with tribal marks of jagged lines adorning his face, giving him the look of a warrior, but the lab coat he always wore conflicted with his weathered face, making him look like a cross between a villain and a doting father. The world will one day see all you can do. Until then, forgive me. We didn’t know what we had to forgive Father for; he was always there when we needed him, along with two others. Father called them his underlings, yet he was so friendly with them; the camaraderie was beautiful. We were treated well and didn’t have a cause to question our existence. Names were not given to us, and we lived with codes. Father said names were outdated and called us in codes. I was 0i. Father said codes were vital because we were different from the rest of the people in the books we read. Father made us feed on Socrates, Plato, and so many other ancient philosophers. His favorite was Friedrich Nietzsche, who spoke about the abyss. Father spoon-fed us knowledge, saying we needed to understand how the world worked. “ ” You’re only useful when you choose to be. The power you wield lies in your willingness to wield it. Man is a creature of willpower, and once willpower is taken away, nothing remains of man. A fate worse than death. Father’s favorite quote was a personal one. He never ceased to remind us of what would happen if our willpower was taken away. Father was the only god we knew. We didn’t exactly worship him; we loved him. He was all we knew, the light in our overwhelming darkness. A man worthy of the title, father. 0ii, one of the girls in our midst. She was sharp-eyed, her mouth rarely opening up to speak. With an oval face and a perfect nose, 0ii became fascinating. I once asked Father why she wasn’t the leader since I didn’t think I was fit. Father was calm when he replied, but I could hear the underlying fury in his tone. “ ” 0ii is none other than your subordinate. Your birth marks you as a leader, and your prowess doesn’t matter. She is below you; she always will be. You were born a light that even others cannot but bow to. You are the one who will herald humanity into the new age. You are 0i. Do not forget. I never brought it up again after that. We knew that Father loved us and Father’s word was law. So, we let go of sentimental things and focused on being the best, making Father proud. Oiii was next. Another girl. She wasn’t as charming or as beautiful as 0ii, but what she lacked in those aspects, she made up for it in smartness. She had hooked teeth and self-esteem that caved with the slightest criticism. Father called her a fond name: 𝐵𝑎𝑏𝑦 𝑅𝑎𝑏𝑏𝑖𝑡. She was the only one who had a name in five of us. When I asked him why, Father laughed heartily and spoke to me in the most jovial tone ever. “ ” What is she? Isn’t that what she looks like? I’m only calling her as I see it. Father was wise beyond his years; I admired him so much. We all did. He knew so much about everything, much more than we did. 0iv was the bookworm in our midst. He consumed all the books in the library, but still, Father paid him no heed. With his glasses perked on the bridge of his nose, 0iv did everything to get Father’s attention, but it was to no avail. I asked Father about it once again. “ ” Those who seek attention are like dogs begging for scraps. They’re unworthy of it. That’s why they demand it from others. I was the only one whom Father talked to so openly, so I spoke for us. We were the golden children humanity had been waiting for; Father said so. But when we were 9, Father introduced the blades. They were beautiful blades with edges sharp enough to sear through a human. “ ” These are the gifts I’ll be giving all of you for your 9th birthday. Use them well. Father didn’t explain anything to any of us, but I understood. We had read stories of assassins, and we understood what was required of us. Father was all-knowing, training us in the Art of the blade even though he was never there to see. It didn’t matter; 0v excelled at it beautifully. He was the only one out of us. Father never said anything bad about him. Truthfully, Father never said anything about him at all. It was as though he didn’t exist. 0v never complained, either. He was even more beautiful than 0ii, yet his gaze was even chillier than Father’s. The day 0iii died, Father didn’t bat an eyelid. 0v was playing with two sets of blades, and 0iii dared to approach him in that mode. I always knew he was darker than he let on, but watching 0iii grip her bloodied neck, eyes widened in disbelief as she dropped to the floor in a thud made me finally understand. Father was passing by when it happened, but he didn’t spare her a glance. The rest of us were shocked by what we’d seen, but 0v kept twirling the blades in the air, a bored expression on his beautiful face. “ ” I screamed for the first time at Father. But Father didn’t look as though he was bothered. He walked away. Father didn’t look back for the first time. Father! 0iii is dead! Once we were five, then we became four. Father stopped talking to me after that. 0v acted normally, while 0ii and 0iv steered clear of him. 0v offered no explanations for his actions, and one day, Father stopped coming to see us. He usually went away for days, leaving his underlings with us sometimes. But this time, Father left us alone. I counted the days. I was the leader, and I had to tell the others what to do. It wasn’t exactly a good experience. But strangely, 0v didn’t show any sign of distress. It was as though he didn’t have emotions. “ ” You must do your share of the work, or we’ll starve. I decided to face him one day, already livid. 0iii was dead, and he couldn’t even act remorseful. He didn’t care, plain and simple. He grew up with us yet grew apart from us. It was like he was in his universe, unperturbed by everything around him. He was human yet acted so differently, I wondered, too. “ ” Starve? Okay, starve. That was all he said as he stood up from where he sat, his hair shielding his eyes. His hair had been an afro since I’d known him, adding to the mystery his personality created. I was tired of being scared of a person who was just like me. It was irksome and unnecessary. We weren’t made of fear. I placed my arms on his shoulders to pull him back, but the next thing I saw was a dagger heading straight in the middle of my face. It was too fast for me to dodge, and I saw my life flash before my eyes. His wrist movements were perfect, with no single flaw in the swing of his blade. It was funny how I was thinking about that while facing my inevitable death. As soon as it began, it ended. I was alive. But I could hear gurgling sounds as my eyes I once closed opened to see someone in front of me. It was 0iv, and the hilt of a dagger was protruding from his mouth. “ .” I said, starve 0v drew his dagger out of the open mouth of 0iv as 0iv fell to the ground, much like 0iii did. The dagger reached the back of his throat as 0v drew it out, placing his tongue on the flat of the dagger, licking the blood on it while staring at me with the coldest eyes I’d ever seen. I tried to stop my body from shaking, but it was hard. 0iv did what he did to shield me, and he lay there, choking on his blood. 0v just walked away as 0ii ran to the toilet to puke. I just stood and stared. Hell had been unleashed in the form of a beautiful boy. Once we were five, then we became three. Father returned a week after that incident, and he said nothing about the disappearance of 0iv. I didn’t explain either. I needed to find a way out of there with 0ii. Father tried to talk to me again, but it was no use. 0v was a demon, one he let roam. Father wasn’t to be trusted. I spoke hushedly with 0ii, not letting 0v into our conversation. But he didn’t mind, and it was as though he wasn’t even there. He kept fiddling with daggers, paying us no heed. That night was meant to be the night of our escape. I prepared 0ii, and in the dead of the night, we tried to sneak out. I regretted it. It was all fine and good, and we were making progress. Since everybody was asleep, we moved stealthily. 0iii would have loved it; she was the smartest of us. I still had no idea why 0iv protected me; he was book-smart. He knew the implications of playing the hero. Yet, he died for me. If I had one thing to say, I wish I’d died with them. 0ii needed to be protected at all costs. We made it past the door of Father, and at that moment, I was elated. We could finally leave. Until the lights came on. They were blinding, and I held on to 0ii, fearing the worst. “ ” Finally, let the game begin. I heard the voice of Father as he smiled sinisterly at me, 0v coming from right behind him, holding a dagger and staring at me with lifeless eyes. Then, hell began. Protecting 0ii was hard, and shielding myself from stab wounds was harder. I could hear booming sounds from the speakers that miraculously materialized around me. They were making bets on us. 0v came after me, swinging the dagger dangerously close to my face, but I evaded. Then he went after 0ii, but she showed some skill by dodging his attacks. Even in the cramped space of the facility, we fought for our lives. I saw Father approaching me, and 0v stopped swinging his dagger and stood still. “ ” I tried to reach him, but he slapped my hands away. It felt even worse than losing 0iii and 0v. Father… “ ” Don’t you dare call me that. I’m not your father, and I’ll never be the father of freaks. Here, we harvest your abilities and sell them to the world. You’re not special; you’ve never been. You never had a father, just a childish imagination and daddy issues. I couldn’t speak. I didn’t know what happened, but I could hear ringing in my ears and a voice screaming at me from afar; it was muffled as though it was coming from a distance. The ringing sound in my ears got louder as 0ii screams came out in muffled gasps, but I was too far away to hear. Far away in my head. I could listen to the sound of a blade rending through flesh; I could smell the sickening odor of blood. But, I was rooted at that spot. Nothing could make me move as I stared with despair at the man I called Father. “ ” I’m sorry, I’m so sorry, 0i. You always were the best of us. I was too weak; I believed them. 0v eyes were filled with tears as he turned the blood-stained dagger on himself. Even then, I didn’t react. Even when his screams filled the room, and the ringing in my ears faded like background noise. Once we were five, then we became one. I was left alive. Not like I could die. They didn’t kill me; they just made me live every day in remembrance of those I killed. We weren’t the golden children of humanity, we were livestock. Not all is as it seems. But hell is on earth. When I called him Father, I unleashed it. I didn’t die. I didn’t live either. I was in oblivion. It was truly damnation.

Father

LIGHT and SHADOW

Scientific American, Volume XXIV., No. 12, March 18, 1871 by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . Rambles for relics. here RAMBLES FOR RELICS. NUMBER II. At a depth of fifteen feet, we were about to suspend our labors, supposing from the nature and uniformly dark color of the earth, that we had reached the surface of the alluvium, when a sign of the inevitable wood and bark layer was seen in a crevice. An excavation, five or six feet, into the wall, revealed the skeleton of a man laid at length, having an extra coverlid of wooden material. Eighteen large oblong beads, an ax of polished green stone, eleven arrow points, and five implements of bone (to be described) were deposited on the left side; and a few small beads, an ornamental shell pin, two small hatchets, and a sharp-pointed flint knife or lance, eight inches long, having a neck or projection at the base, suitable for a handle, or for insertion in a shaft, on the right side. The earth behind the skull being removed, three enormous conch shells presented their open mouths. One of my assistants started back as if the ghost of the departed had come to claim the treasure preserved, in accordance with superstitious notions, for its journey to the "happy lands." The alarm seemed to be a warning, for at the moment the embankment, overloaded on one side, caved in, nearly burying three workmen, myself, and a spectator. Our tools being at the bottom of the heap, and the wall on the other side, shaken by the falling earth, giving tokens of a change of base, our prospects of a ready deliverance were not very hopeful. The bystanders, however, went to work with their hands, and we were soon relieved, not without casualty, the spectator having the worst of it. Struggling to extricate himself, instead of abiding his time, he dragged one leg out of the pile shorter than the other. The occurrence of marine shells in a burial depository, especially of the varieties pyrula and oliva, four or five hundred miles from the Gulf and that portion of the Southern coast where the mollusks exist, bears upon the question of migration and tribal intercourse, and the commercial value of these articles. Obtained from a distance and regarded as precious commodities, they were used in exchange, for the material of ornaments, and for choice utensils. Only two or three of these shells have been found in a perfect condition, but defective ones are frequent, with fragments, "cuttings," and various trinkets made out of them—such as ornamental pins, needles, crosses, buttons, amulets, engraved plates, and beads. From one of the specimens recovered from the mound sepulchre, the spire and columella had been removed, leaving a hollow utensil. It would have been suitable for a water vessel, but for a hole in the bottom, which had furnished a button-shaped ornament, or piece of money, which was found with the relic, and exactly corresponded to the orifice. The twirled end of the shell, however, had been improved for a handle by shallow cavities, one on the inside slanting from the middle longitudinal line, and one crossing that line at right angles on the convex side, so as to be fitted to the thumb and fore finger of the left hand, suggesting a use of the implement as a shield, or a mask held before the face. Adair speaks of large shells in use by the Indians of his time (1735), suspended about the neck for shields, and regarded as badges of priestly dignity. A trench was dug on the east side of the mound, nearly corresponding in dimensions to the one on the west side, making the length of the whole excavation, including the central cavity, thirty-two feet. In the last opening, eight skeletons were exhumed; the mode of burial was the same throughout. The only article of value recovered was a curiously wrought pipe of stone, having a "figure head" representing the human face, which I have put down in a list of "articles stolen," and which the thief can describe better than the writer. After filling up all the gaps, and levelling the surface to suit the taste of the proprietor, we closed our labors on the mound in the Bent. Of the skulls collected, it is sufficient to say that they belong to the "short heads," the length and breadth having a comparative medium proportion, a common form of cranium in the mounds of Tennessee. Of stone implements I specify an ax of serpentine, ten inches long, two thick, and four broad, having plain sides and a straight edge ground down on both of the flat faces; hatchets ("tomahawks") of green stone, flint, and diorite, from five to eight inches long, with rounded faces and sides, contracted to an edge at one end, and to a flat heel at the other; a wedge of black slate, seven inches long and half an inch thick, of a square finish on the faces and sides and at the heel, which was diminished two inches, as compared with the length of the edge; hatchets with a serrated edge at each end, plane on both sides, convex on one face and flat on the other. With one skeleton was deposited a "set of tools," eight in number, of the species of rock before mentioned, varying in length from two to eight inches. Their peculiarity consists in a variety of shapes—no two being precisely alike—and in their fitness to various uses, such as carving, hacking, paring, and grooving. The smallest of them, having a square finish, was held by the thumb and two fingers, and is suitable for cutting lines and figures in wood and shells. Specimens of this art were furnished from the mound. The largest number might serve for hatchets, chisels, and gouges. One had been ground in the form of a cylinder five inches long and an inch thick, and then cut an inch on two sides to an edge, and worked into a handle with a round bead, from the center of the elliptical faces. It might be used for chipping wood and stone. One answered the purpose of a cold chisel; another was somewhat similar, but had a hollow face reduced to a curved edge for grooving. These polished instruments, wrought with much care, seemed intended for use by the hand rather than for insertion in a handle or socket, or attachment to a shaft by means of a strap or withe. Only one was perforated. The drilling through granite, quartz, and diorite, without the use of metal, was a severe labor, even for savage patience. A long knife of silex, with a wrought handle, lance heads, leaf shaped, of the same material, of beautiful workmanship, arrow points of fine finish, furnished, with others before mentioned, an assortment of arms. Several flint points, though only an inch long, were curved like a cimeter, and used probably as flaying instruments. True disks, of various mineral substances, from an inch to five inches in diameter, having convex faces, complete the list of stone implements. Those of bone comprise several like hollow chisels, sharpened at one end, and pierced through one face, near the other extremity, so as to be fastened to a handle; these were used for dressing skins. One was formed like a poniard, with a worked hilt. With these may be connected arrow heads and sharp pointed weapons of the worked antlers of the stag, and tusks of the wild boar. Of ornaments, I noticed pins used for dressing the hair, made of the columns of large sea shells. The head is generally round, sometimes oval, from an eighth to a half of an inch in diameter, retaining the diagonal groove of the pillar from which it is made. The stems vary in length from one to six inches. It would be tedious even to classify ornamental beads and buttons of shell work, such as are usually found in the mounds. These trinkets are perforated, and, in addition to their being articles of dress, were used probably as "wampum," the currency of the recent Indians. A miscellaneous collection includes a hematite stone, wrought in the shape of a cup weighing half a pound; when rubbed or ground it furnished the war paint of the savages; also the extremity of a copper tube, two inches long; needles in bone and shell, from an inch to six inches long, with grooves round the head, to serve the purpose of eyes; and plates of mica. The use of mica plates, which are found of large size in some of the Western mounds, has excited some inquiry. Of a certain thickness, they make good mirrors. Beside their use for ornamental purposes, they were probably looking-glasses of the beauties of the stone age. There was also found a pipe of soap stone, having a stem five inches long, and a bowl with a broad brim, like a Quaker's hat. Of earthenware, there was an endless variety of fragments of the usual black, grey, or red compressed clay, mixed with pulverized shells or stones. One kind I have never seen described. The sherds had a red coating on both sides, an eighth of an inch in thickness, evidently not a paint or a glaze. The red coloring might have come from the pottery being burnt in the open air, instead of baked in a furnace, were not the layer of uniform thickness and of homogeneous paste, unlike the material of the vessel, which was a gray mixture of clay and particles of shells. I give the above memoranda to the general fund of information, touching a subject that invites inquiry on account of its novelty and ethnological importance. Every examination of the monumental remains of the ancient Americans brings to light some new feature in structure or type of rudimental art. And since archæology has become a science, investigators, for half a century, may be looking about for facts to complete the system auspiciously introduced by the antiquarians of Northern Europe, and advanced in our own country by the researches of Caleb Atwater ( ) and by those of the Smithsonian contributors to knowledge, especially Squier and Davis. Rambler. Archæologia Americana .—There is in the town of Meriden, Conn., a Leffel double turbine wheel, running under 240 feet fall and driving a manufactory. It uses only about one-half of a square inch of water, and runs at the marvelous speed of 3,000 revolutions per minute, or 50 revolutions per second, which is by far the most rapid rate of motion ever imparted to a water wheel. This is, also, beyond comparison the greatest fall applied to the propulsion of a wheel in America. The wheel at Meriden is of the most diminutive size, scarcely exceeding in dimensions the old-fashioned "turnip" watches which our grandfathers used to carry in their capacious vest pockets. The complete success of this wheel has attracted much attention and affords further evidence of the wide range of adaptability of the Leffel turbine. A Small Water Wheel About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2006). Scientific American, Volume XXIV., No. 12, March 18, 1871. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/19180/pg19180-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

Rambles for relics

Scientific American, Volume XLIII., No. 25, December 18, 1880, by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . Raising Sunken Vessels. here Raising Sunken Vessels. An experiment recently took place in the East India Dock Basin, Blackwall, London, by permission of Mr. J. L. du Plat Taylor, the secretary of the Dock Company, for the purpose of testing and illustrating the mode of raising sunken ships by means of the apparatus patented by Mr. William Atkinson, naval engineer, of Sheffield. The machinery employed consists of the necessary number and size, according to the power required, of oval or egg-shaped buoys constructed of sheet iron, having an internal valve of a simple and effective character. Captain Hales Dutton, the dock master, who assisted during the operations, had placed his small yacht at the inventor's service for the occasion. The vessel was moored in the basin, and a set of four buoys were attached to it, one on each side near the bow and the stern. Air was supplied from a pump on the quay by a pipe communicating with a small copper globe resting on the deck of the vessel, and from which place proceeded four other flexible tubes, one to each buoy, thus distributing the air to each one equally. The vessel being flooded and in a sinking condition, the buoys were attached and the valves opened; they rapidly filled with water, and the vessel immediately sank in about 30 feet. Upon the first attempt an air chamber in the stern had been lost sight of, causing the vessel to come up to the surface stern uppermost; this being rectified, the vessel was again sent to the bottom, and allowed to remain a short time to allow her to settle down. When the order was given to work the pump, the vessel was brought to the surface, perfectly level, in about three minutes. The apparatus used, although only models, and on a comparatively diminutive scale (the buoys measuring 3 feet 4 inches in height and 2 feet 6 inches in diameter), was estimated to be capable of lifting a weight of nearly 20 tons, and that it needed, as represented by the patentee, only a corresponding increase in the lifting power to deal successfully with vessels of any tonnage. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2007). Scientific American, Volume XLIII., No. 25, December 18, 1880. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/21081/pg21081-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

Raising Sunken Vessels

Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891 by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . STARCHES FOR THE FINISHING OF COTTON FABRICS. here STARCHES FOR THE FINISHING OF COTTON FABRICS. The starches have been classified by Dr. Muter, according to the appearance they give under the microscope, into five groups: .—Hilum and concentric rings visible. All the granules, oval or ovate. Tous-le-mois, potato, arrowroot, etc. Class I .—The concentric rings are all but invisible, the hilum is stellate. Maize, pea, bean, etc. Class II .—The concentric rings are all but invisible, also the hilum in the majority of granules. Wheat, barley, rye, chestnut, etc. Class III .—All the granules truncated at one end. Sago, tapioca, etc. Class IV .—All the granules angular in form. Rice, tacca, arrowroot, oats, etc. Class V The principal starches used for finishing cotton fabrics are potato (farina), wheat, Indian corn (maize), rice, tapioca, arrowroot, sago; the last three not so often as those previously named. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2004). Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/11649/pg11649-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

STARCHES FOR THE FINISHING OF COTTON FABRICS

How to Sell A Technical Debt From a DevOps Perspective?

কিভাবে একটি DevOps দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে একটি প্রযুক্তিগত ঋণ বিক্রি?

Wie verkauft man eine technische Schuld aus DevOps-Sicht?

¿Cómo vender una deuda técnica desde una perspectiva de DevOps?

Comment vendre une dette technique d’un point de vue DevOps ?

DevOps परिप्रेक्ष्य से तकनीकी ऋण कैसे बेचें?

DevOpsの観点から技術的負債を売却するには?

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Làm cách nào để bán một khoản nợ kỹ thuật từ góc độ DevOps?

如何从 DevOps 的角度出售技术债务？

Things To Make by Archibald Williams is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . A WOODEN WORKBOX here XXXIII. A WOODEN WORKBOX. The box illustrated by Fig. 181 was copied from an article of Norwegian manufacture. Its construction is an extremely simple matter, provided that one can get a piece of easily bent wood (birch, for instance), not exceeding 3/16 inch in thickness, for the sides. [Illustration: FIG. 180.—Showing how to draw an ellipse.] [Illustration: FIG. 181.—Norwegian workbox.] The bottom of the box is made of 5/16 or 3/8 inch wood, cut to an oval or elliptical shape. To mark out an ellipse about 8 inches long and 5-1/2 inches wide—this will be a. convenient size—stick two pins into the board 5-1/8 inches apart, pass a loop of thread 14 inches in circumference round these, and run the point of a pencil round the pins in the path which it has to take when confined by the slack of the loop (Fig. 180). Fret-saw along the line. The wood strip for the side is 4-1/2 inches deep, and 1-1/2 inches longer than the circumference of the bottom. The ends are thinned off somewhat, as shown in Fig. 181, to prevent the lap having a clumsy appearance, and the surface is smoothed all over with sandpaper. Bore a number of small nail holes 3/16 inch from one edge, and then steam the wood over a big saucepan or other suitable vessel until it is quite lissom. When attaching the side piece to the bottom, begin at the middle, and work first towards what will be the inside end of the lap, and then towards the outside end. Nails are driven in through the holes already drilled. When nailing is finished, clip the top of the overlap with a hand-vice or screw spanner, to prevent the tops of the ends sliding over one another, and bore a line of holes l/4 inch apart, and at the same distance from the outer end. Fine copper wire drawn to and fro through alternate holes from one end of the row to the other and back again, will secure the joint. The lid overlaps the side 1/4 inch in all directions and has a square notch cut in it at one end to pass under the piece A, and at the other a deeper, circular-ended nick to enable it to pass over the key B when that is turned into the position shown in the illustration. A is cut out of 1/4-inch wood; B, in one piece, out of 1/2-inch. Their length under the heads exceeds the inside depth of the box by the thickness of the lid. A is affixed rigidly to the side by small screws or wire, while B must be attached in a manner, which will allow the head to rotate. Cut two nicks round the shank, and two horizontal slots at the same height through the end of the box. A couple of brass rings must then be procured of such a size that, when flattened into a somewhat oval shape, they will project beyond the slots sufficiently to allow a piece of wire to pass through them and prevent their being drawn back again. Quarter-inch wood will do for the lid. A handle is made out of a couple of inches of small cane bent into a semicircle, let through the lid at each end, glued, and cut off flush. The exterior may be decorated by a design in poker-work, or be stained and varnished. This is left to the maker’s discretion. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Archibald Williams (2005). Things To Make. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14664/pg14664-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

A WOODEN WORKBOX

Phineas Redux by Anthony Trollope, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE FOREIGN BLUDGEON. here THE FOREIGN BLUDGEON. In the meantime Madame Goesler, having accomplished the journey from Prague in considerably less than a week, reached London with the blacksmith, the attorney's clerk, and the model of the key. The trial had been adjourned on Wednesday, the 24th of June, and it had been suggested that the jury should be again put into their box on that day week. All manner of inconvenience was to be endured by various members of the legal profession, and sundry irregularities were of necessity sanctioned on this great occasion. The sitting of the Court should have been concluded, and everybody concerned should have been somewhere else, but the matter was sufficient to justify almost any departure from routine. A member of the House of Commons was in custody, and it had already been suggested that some action should be taken by the House as to his speedy deliverance. Unless a jury could find him guilty, let him be at once restored to his duties and his privileges. The case was involved in difficulties, but in the meantime the jury, who had been taken down by train every day to have a walk in the country in the company of two sheriff's officers, and who had been allowed to dine at Greenwich one day and at Richmond on another in the hope that whitebait with lamb and salad might in some degree console them for their loss of liberty, were informed that they would be once again put into their box on Wednesday. But Madame Goesler reached London on the Sunday morning, and on the Monday the whole affair respecting the key was unravelled in the presence of the Attorney-General, and with the personal assistance of our old friend, Major Mackintosh. Without a doubt the man Mealyus had caused to be made for him in Prague a key which would open the door of the house in Northumberland Street. A key was made in London from the model now brought which did open the door. The Attorney-General seemed to think that it would be his duty to ask the judge to call upon the jury to acquit Phineas Finn, and that then the matter must rest for ever, unless further evidence could be obtained against Yosef Mealyus. It would not be possible to hang a man for a murder simply because he had fabricated a key,—even though he might possibly have obtained the use of a grey coat for a few hours. There was no tittle of evidence to show that he had ever had the great coat on his shoulders, or that he had been out of the house on that night. Lord Fawn, to his infinite disgust, was taken to the prison in which Mealyus was detained, and was confronted with the man, but he could say nothing. Mealyus, at his own suggestion, put on the coat, and stalked about the room in it. But Lord Fawn would not say a word. The person whom he now saw might have been the man in the street, or Mr. Finn might have been the man, or any other man might have been the man. Lord Fawn was very dignified, very reserved, and very unhappy. To his thinking he was the great martyr of this trial. Phineas Finn was becoming a hero. Against the twelve jurymen the finger of scorn would never be pointed. But his sufferings must endure for his life—might probably embitter his life to the very end. Looking into his own future from his present point of view he did not see how he could ever again appear before the eye of the public. And yet with what persistency of conscience had he struggled to be true and honest! On the present occasion he would say nothing. He had seen a man in a grey coat, and for the future would confine himself to that. "You did not see me, my lord," said Mr. Emilius with touching simplicity. So the matter stood on the Monday afternoon, and the jury had already been told that they might be released on the following Tuesday,—might at any rate hear the judge's charge on that day,—when another discovery was made more wonderful than that of the key. And this was made without any journey to Prague, and might, no doubt, have been made on any day since the murder had been committed. And it was a discovery for not having made which the police force generally was subjected to heavy censure. A beautiful little boy was seen playing in one of those gardens through which the passage runs with a short loaded bludgeon in his hand. He came into the house with the weapon, the maid who was with him having asked the little lord no question on the subject. But luckily it attracted attention, and his little lordship took two gardeners and a coachman and all the nurses to the very spot at which he found it. Before an hour was over he was standing at his father's knee, detailing the fact with great open eyes to two policemen, having by this time become immensely proud of his adventure. This occurred late on the Monday afternoon, when the noble family were at dinner, and the noble family was considerably disturbed, and at the same time very much interested, by the occurrence. But on the Tuesday morning there was the additional fact established that a bludgeon loaded with lead had been found among the thick grass and undergrowth of shrubs in a spot to which it might easily have been thrown by any one attempting to pitch it over the wall. The news flew about the town like wildfire, and it was now considered certain that the real murderer would be discovered. But the renewal of the trial was again postponed till the Wednesday, as it was necessary that an entire day should be devoted to the bludgeon. The instrument was submitted to the eyes and hands of persons experienced in such matters, and it was declared on all sides that the thing was not of English manufacture. It was about a foot long, with a leathern thong to the handle, with something of a spring in the shaft, and with the oval loaded knot at the end cased with leathern thongs very minutely and skilfully cut. They who understood modern work in leather gave it as their opinion that the weapon had been made in Paris. It was considered that Mealyus had brought it with him, and concealed it in preparation for this occasion. If the police could succeed in tracing the bludgeon into his hands, or in proving that he had purchased any such instrument, then,—so it was thought,—there would be evidence to justify a police magistrate in sending Mr. Emilius to occupy the place so lately and so long held by poor Phineas Finn. But till that had been done, there could be nothing to connect the preacher with the murder. All who had heard the circumstances of the case were convinced that Mr. Bonteen had been murdered by the weapon lately discovered, and not by that which Phineas had carried in his pocket,—but no one could adduce proof that it was so. This second bludgeon would no doubt help to remove the difficulty in regard to Phineas, but would not give atonement to the shade of Mr. Bonteen. Mealyus was confronted with the weapon in the presence of Major Mackintosh, and was told its story;—how it was found in the nobleman's garden by the little boy. At the first moment, with instant readiness, he took the thing in his hand, and looked at it with feigned curiosity. He must have studied his conduct so as to have it ready for such an occasion, thinking that it might some day occur. But with all his presence of mind he could not keep the tell-tale blood from mounting. "You don't know anything about it, Mr. Mealyus?" said one of the policemen present, looking closely into his face. "Of course you need not criminate yourself." "What should I know about it? No;—I know nothing about the stick. I never had such a stick, or, as I believe, saw one before." He did it very well, but he could not keep the blood from rising to his cheeks. The policemen were sure that he was the murderer,—but what could they do? "You saved his life, certainly," said the Duchess to her friend on the Sunday afternoon. That had been before the bludgeon was found. "I do not believe that they could have touched a hair of his head," said Madame Goesler. "Would they not? Everybody felt sure that he would be hung. Would it not have been awful? I do not see how you are to help becoming man and wife now, for all the world are talking about you." Madame Goesler smiled, and said that she was quite indifferent to the world's talk. On the Tuesday after the bludgeon was found, the two ladies met again. "Now it was known that it was the clergyman," said the Duchess. "I never doubted it." "He must have been a brave man for a foreigner,—to have attacked Mr. Bonteen all alone in the street, when any one might have seen him. I don't feel to hate him so very much after all. As for that little wife of his, she has got no more than she deserved." "Mr. Finn will surely be acquitted now." "Of course he'll be acquitted. Nobody doubts about it. That is all settled, and it is a shame that he should be kept in prison even over to-day. I should think they'll make him a peer, and give him a pension,—or at the very least appoint him secretary to something. I do wish Plantagenet hadn't been in such a hurry about that nasty Board of Trade, and then he might have gone there. He couldn't very well be Privy Seal, unless they do make him a peer. You wouldn't mind,—would you, my dear?" "I think you'll find that they will console Mr. Finn with something less gorgeous than that. You have succeeded in seeing him, of course?" "Plantagenet wouldn't let me, but I know who did." "Some lady?" "Oh, yes,—a lady. Half the men about the clubs went to him, I believe." "Who was she?" "You won't be ill-natured?" "I'll endeavour at any rate to keep my temper, Duchess." "It was Lady Laura." "I supposed so." "They say she is frantic about him, my dear." "I never believe those things. Women do not get frantic about men in these days. They have been very old friends, and have known each other for many years. Her brother, Lord Chiltern, was his particular friend. I do not wonder that she should have seen him." "Of course you know that she is a widow." "Oh, yes;—Mr. Kennedy had died long before I left England." "And she is very rich. She has got all Loughlinter for her life, and her own fortune back again. I will bet you anything you like that she offers to share it with him." "It may be so," said Madame Goesler, while the slightest blush in the world suffused her cheek. "And I'll make you another bet, and give you any odds." "What is that?" "That he refuses her. It is quite a common thing nowadays for ladies to make the offer, and for gentlemen to refuse. Indeed, it was felt to be so inconvenient while it was thought that gentlemen had not the alternative, that some men became afraid of going into society. It is better understood now." "Such things have been done, I do not doubt," said Madame Goesler, who had contrived to avert her face without making the motion apparent to her friend. "When this is all over we'll get him down to Matching, and manage better than that. I should think they'll hardly go on with the Session, as nobody has done anything since the arrest. While Mr. Finn has been in prison legislation has come to a standstill altogether. Even Plantagenet doesn't work above twelve hours a day, and I'm told that poor Lord Fawn hasn't been near his office for the last fortnight. When the excitement is over they'll never be able to get back to their business before the grouse. There'll be a few dinners of course, just as a compliment to the great man,—but London will break up after that, I should think. You won't come in for so much of the glory as you would have done if they hadn't found the stick. Little Lord Frederick must have his share, you know." "It's the most singular case I ever knew," said Sir Simon Slope that night to one of his friends. "We certainly should have hanged him but for the two accidents, and yet neither of them brings us a bit nearer to hanging any one else." "What a pity!" "It shows the danger of circumstantial evidence,—and yet without it one never could get at any murder. I'm very glad, you know, that the key and the stick did turn up. I never thought much about the coat." About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Anthony Trollope (2006). Phineas Redux. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/18640/pg18640-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE FOREIGN BLUDGEON.

Idris stirred and awoke; alas! she awoke to misery.

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